Gone with your hippocampus. In the bullet's wake, a long temporary cavity is left. When the tearing finally does happen, your tissues will snap back toward the initial opening and overshoot their original position. You know that back and forth thing that happens when you kick one of those springy door stops? Well that's what your tissues do when the shock waves kick them. Not your father's Xbox controller Brush up on your driving skills in Forza Horizon 5 with the controller the pros use.
Then the passage collapses. The high-speed firearm that produced the bullet created a disruption in your brain 10 times its diameter. But you're lucky, relatively speaking. If you were shot in the heart, your blood pressure would quickly drop, but it would take 10 to 15 seconds to lose brain function. In that time you could draw your gun, utter last words, or spend some time thinking about your unfortunate situation.
Her survival is a greater miracle than either she or her husband may realize, said Dr. Louis Harkey, chairman of neurosurgery at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, who was not involved in her treatment but reviewed her CT scans and some notes from her medical file.
The CT images indicated Scott was shot at very close range and, as in Gifford's case, in which the trajectory was high and the gunshot wound bypassed critical structures of the brain that govern speech, the trajectory in Scott's shooting was low and also missed brain regions that govern critical functions.
Had the bullet reached Scott's spine and her spinal cord, however, "it would be an injury like Christopher Reeve, not only paralyzed in his arms and legs, he couldn't even breathe and had to have a portable ventilator," Harkey said of the late actor who became a quadriplegic after being thrown from a horse.
The neurosurgeon said the regions damaged in Scott's shooting were near four major blood vessels supplying the brain, including the carotid arteries that feed the hemispheres, and the vertebral arteries that supply blood to the brain stem and cerebellum. Injuries to those could have caused a massive hemorrhage or major stroke. He observed that Scott also suffered blockage to her sigmoid sinus, the major structure that drains blood from the brain; such a blockage "can be life-threatening.
For her part, Scott has managed to laugh a bit at what befell her on an otherwise ordinary winter evening. When she looks at a picture of herself today, with her bracing blue eyes and blond hair, she says the face she sees "looks younger" than the face before the shooting. She attributes the lack of wrinkles on the left side of her face to the months when some of her facial muscles were paralyzed. She has recovered almost completely, except for a small area above her right ear that remains numb.
She cannot play tennis or jog as vigorously as she once did, and at the end of each work day, she has to lie down for about 30 minutes because of the headaches. Side effects make her reluctant to take painkillers prescribed to ease the headaches, although she occasionally takes a non-aspirin pain reliever.
She even found a silver lining in the compassion of neighbors, some of whom she'd never before met. Some appeared at her door in New Hebron, Miss. Her church congregation prayed for her and her husband. On Sept. The next day, she and her maternal grandparents were ambushed en route to evening church services. Her grandfather was fatally shot; her maternal grandmother wounded and Stephanie gravely injured in a hail of gunfire.
Bullets had ripped across her head, tearing away her forehead and scalp, destroying her right eye and leaving her exposed brain hemorrhaging badly. She was treated at a local hospital before being moved to larger facilities in Benin, then Ibandan in Nigeria. As soon as her parents, both health professionals who were unable to attend the wedding, learned of the shooting, they feared Stephanie's death. He knew from his medicine and pediatrics training that the most important thing was the quality of care she got early on because "a third of patients who have gunshot wounds don't make it out of the scene," but those who make it past the first two to three days do well.
He began inquiring about the best U. With help from hospital colleagues, he arranged for Stephanie to be airlifted to Newark Airport and then taken to Hackensack University Medical Center , where Dr. Arno Fried, the neurosurgery chairman and chief of pediatric neurosurgery, would try to save her life. Ayula said that when he first saw his injured daughter at the airport, she was heavily bandaged and her face badly swollen, but was able to speak, "I asked if she was in pain and she said, 'Not really.
Fried vividly remembers what he found when he first examined Stephanie, who came in heavily bandaged about the head. At the time, he said, her prognosis was "very guarded" and doctors didn't know if she would be able to see with her remaining eye. Fried's surgical plan was to do for Stephanie what doctors in Tucson did for Giffords, to remove bullet and skull fragments, but not all of them, from her brain; stop the bleeding and remove sections of the skull to allow the brain to swell without creating pressure that could kill brain cells.
But, her father said, "nobody knew at that time … the extent of the damage, if she would walk, and what her cognitive functions would be. Methods for stopping bleeding include:. In general, you shouldn't elevate the legs of a gunshot victim.
Gunshot wounds to the abdomen and chest will bleed more quickly if the legs are elevated, making it harder for the patient to breathe. Let conscious patients sit or lie in a position most comfortable for them. Unconscious patients should be placed in the recovery position on their side with their top leg bent at a right angle. Gunshot wounds are puncture wounds. Don't expect to be able to tell the difference between entrance and exit gunshot wounds.
There's a myth that one type is significantly worse than the other. There's no reliable way to tell and it doesn't matter. Someone who has had a gunshot wound might also have substantial internal injuries with various effects, such as breathing difficulties, low blood pressure, and heart effects. Begin CPR if the patient is not breathing,. This could be deadly. In some cases, a gunshot wound to the chest can be a seal-sucking wound that creates a pathway for air to enter the chest. For gunshot wounds to the chest, seal the wound with some type of plastic to keep air from being sucked into the wound.
This helps prevent the development of a collapsed lung. If the patient begins complaining of worsening shortness of breath after you seal the wound, remove the seal. A gunshot wound to the abdomen can cause severe bleeding, as well as organ damage and abdominal wall damage.
A wound that punctures the stomach or intestines can lead to an infection due to leaking of gastrointestinal fluid or feces into the abdominal cavity.
You might notice rapid swelling of the abdomen, even with a relatively small puncture wound. For abdominal gunshot wounds, be sure to hold pressure on the wound. Emergency surgery is generally necessary. A gunshot to a limb is likely to cause a vascular injury, and it may cause nerve damage or broken bones as well. In general, you should avoid moving a limb that has been shot.
Preventing blood loss by holding pressure is the best approach you can take while waiting for medical help to arrive. A gunshot wound to the spine can cause paralysis, and a wound to the front of the neck can damage the carotid artery , potentially preventing blood from reaching the brain.
Understanding the trajectory of the bullet path is important in determining prognosis and management. The brain is divided into two hemispheres made up of four lobes each, with each lobe providing different functions. Additionally, there are deeper parts of the brain that house many connections, controlling basic body and brain functions.
The brainstem contains nuclei for cranial nerves needed for basic functions, such as breathing and swallowing. It connects the upper portion, or "thinking" portions of the brain, to the spinal cord.
The cerebellum, in the back lower part of the brain, is related to motor coordination. Outcome is poorer for those with extensive bullet tracts, those that cross the deep midline structures of the brain or those that involve the brainstem. A bullet that damages the patient's right hemisphere can leave the victim with motor and sensory impairments on the left side and vice versa.
Many other functions such as cognition, memory, speech and vision are controlled by both sides of the brain. As a result, damage to one hemisphere can leave a person impaired but still able to perform these functions at some level, depending on which lobes of the brain are damaged. Because each hemisphere is divided into four lobes, the "best-case scenario" is a more superficial injury limited to one hemisphere and a single lobe, limiting the functional impairments caused by the trauma.
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