What is a concussion? What Is A Concussion? Concussion Signs and Symptoms. Responding to Concussion. Danger Signs. Severe Brain Injury. Recovery from Concussion. Returning to School. Returning to Sports. Spinal fluid cushions the brain inside the skull. A blow or jolt to the head can hurt the brain directly or make the brain move around and bang up against the hard bone of the skull.
This changes the signals between nerves, which causes concussion symptoms. Most concussions in teens happen while playing sports. The risk is highest for those who play football , ice hockey, lacrosse , soccer , and field hockey. If a head injury happens while someone is playing sports, a coach or athletic trainer may do sideline concussion testing. This is when a trained person does a few simple tests after a head injury to help decide if the athlete needs immediate medical care.
An athlete who has a head injury must stop playing and see a doctor before returning to play. Many schools or sports leagues are using baseline concussion tests. Baseline testing uses computer programs to test a player's normal brain function. It checks attention, memory, and speed of thinking. Doctors compare testing after an injury with baseline results to see how someone is recovering. So, the doctor may not order a brain scan for a mild concussion. Each person with a concussion heals at their own pace.
It's important to find a balance between doing too much and too little. At first, you need to cut back on physical activities and those that require a lot of concentration. Then, you can start trying these activities again. Your symptoms don't have to be completely gone for you to add activities. But if symptoms interfere with an activity, take a break from it. You can try it again after a few minutes, or you can try a less strenuous version of the activity.
Student athletes must wait until their health care provider says it's safe before returning to sports. This means that they:. Hurrying back to sports and other physical activities puts teens at risk for second-impact syndrome. This is when someone gets another head injury before the concussion has healed. Although very rare, second-impact syndrome can cause lasting brain damage and even death.
Almost every state has rules about when teens with concussions can start playing sports again. People are much more likely to get a concussion if they've had one before. Accessed Jan. Schutzman S. Minor head trauma in infants and children: Evaluation. Giza CC, et al. Summary of evidence-based guideline update: Evaluation and management of concussion in sports: Report of the Guideline Development Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. McCrory P, et al. British Journal of Sports Medicine.
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